Mabda 'iyo adeegsiga hoos udhaca

Cilmi xoojin ah

Maaddaama qaar ka mid ah cunnooyinka adkaha ay biyo ku jiraan, marka mid ama in ka badan oo ka mid ah cunsuriyadaas ay ku jiraan tiro aad u badan oo ah xalka aquaquous, waxay ku jiri karaan biyo ku dhex jira dowlad-xildhibaan ama awood dibadeed, sameynta emulsion.
Fikrad ahaan nidaamkani waa mid aan xasilloonayn, laakiin haddii uu jiro jiritaanka surfacals-ka qaar (iwm. Qaabka lakab ah ".
Xaaladdan oo kale, wakiilada qaar ayaa la geliyaa si ay u carqaladeeyaan qaab dhismeedka korontada ee deggan ee deggan ee deggan korantada iyo sidoo kale xasilinta nidaamka emulsifica si loo gaaro kala saaridda labada weji. Wakiiladani waxay u adeegsan jireen in lagu gaaro carqaladeynta emulsification-ka waxaa loo yaqaan emulsion jaban.

Codsiyada ugu waaweyn

Sharpifier waa walax dusha sare, kaas oo ka dhigi kara burburka qaab-dhismeedka dareeraha ah ee dareeraha ah, si loo gaaro ujeeddada emulsion ee kala sooca wejiyada kala duwan. Saliidda saliida ee ceyriinka ayaa waxaa loola jeedaa adeegsiga kiimikada ee wakiilka jabinta ah si ay uga baxaan saliida iyo biyaha isku-darka biyaha saliida ee emul-gareerta si loo gaaro ujeedada fuuq-baxa ceyriinka, si loo hubiyo heerka biyaha ka kooban biyuhu ka kooban yihiin gudbinta dibadda.
Kala sooca wax ku oolka ah ee wejiyada dabiiciga ah iyo aqueous, mid ka mid ah hababka ugu fudud uguna wax ku oolka ah ee loo adeegsado hoos udhaca si loo baabi'iyo emulsification si ay u helaan dhexgalka emulsion ah awood gaar ah si loo gaaro kala-sooca labada weji. Si kastaba ha noqotee, quusinta kaladuwan ayaa leh awood kala jaad ah oo kaladuwan oo u kaladuwan wejiga dabiiciga ah, iyo waxqabadka si toos ah waxay saameyn ugu yeelanaysaa saameynta labada-wejiga kala go'idda. Geedi socodka wax soo saarka penicillin, nidaam muhiim ah ayaa ah in la soo saaro penicicillin lagana soo qaado penicillin mowduuca halsano penicillin ee leh solvents dabiici ah (sida retat acetate). Maaddaama maraqyada halsano ay ka kooban tahay dhismayaal borotiinno, sokorta, mycelium, iwm.

Dhiirigelinta caanka ah - kuwa soo socdaa waa kuwa ugu weyn ee aan la taaban karin ee aan caadiga ahayn ee loo adeegsado galka saliida.

Nooca sp-nooca daadnimo

Qeybta ugu weyn ee ka qeybqaadashada nooca spyxyyetyletyrerepropyrepylene octadyl ethecyl ethert, qaacidada qaabdhismeedka fikradaha ah waa r (eo) zh, halka: eo-polyoxyyethylene; Polyoxypropylene; Aalkolo r-afiloji ah; X, Y, polymombemization shahaadada.Nooca nooca sp-Nooca ah ayaa ah muuqaalka dharkaaga huruudda ah ee huruudda ah, hlb ee 10 ~ 12, biyaha ku dhex milma. Nooca nooca non-ionc damifier ayaa si ka sii fiican ku saadaalinaya saliida ceyriin ee ku saleysan paracad. Qaybteeda neefta waxay ka kooban tahay kaarboon 12 ~ 18 jir silsilado hydropophilic-ka ah waa biyo-biyoodka iyada oo loo marayo ficilka hydroxyl (-Oh) iyo Etter (-O-) ee molecule-ka iyo biyaha si ay u sameeyaan boldrogen dammaanad. Maaddaama ay kooxaha hydroxyl iyo ether ay si daciif ah u yihiin hal ama laba hydroxyl ama ether-ka oo keliya ma jiidi karaan kooxda kaarboon ee kaarboonka 12 ~ 18 Miisaanka weyn ee molos-ka ah ee damiliinta non-insic-ka, oo dheer in silsiladda molikalalar, inta badan ee hydroxyl iyo ether-ka badan ay ka kooban tahay, awoodda weyn ee jiidaya, ayaa ka xoog badan awoodda emulsions ceyriinka. Sababta kale ee ay Sp umullifier ku habboon tahay saliida ceyriinka ku saleysan paraffin waa in saliida ceyriinka ku saleysan parafin-ku-saleysan ay ku jirto ama xanjo aad u yar iyo asphaltene, walxaha ka yar ee shaashadda iyo cufnaanta ka yar. Saliida ceyriinka oo leh xanjo sare iyo maadooyinka Apurtene (ama ka kooban biyo ka badan 20%), oo la soo bandhigi karo awoodda nooca sp-nooca ah oo daciif ah sababta oo ah qaab dhismeedka molifiyadaha, oo aan qaab dhismeed la gashanayn iyo qaab-dhismeedka udgoonku.

AP-Nooca Deebka

Nooca poloyxyEttyleth poloyaxypropylene polyether-ka polyeretylen ee polyetherne-ka ah oo ah polyether-ka ah oo lagu sameeyo qaaciddada qaab dhismeedka molucalic ee leh 'zh's zh, halka: eo - polyloxyylne; Polyxypropylene; R - aalkolo dufan ah; D - polyetyylen amine: x, y, z-zamemanemization.
Qaab-dhismeedka Nooca ee AP-Nooca ah ee Saliida Saliida ee ku saleysan Paaradows-ka Paarafin, saameyntu waxay ka fiicantahay nooca-nooca-sp-nooca ah oo ka sarreeya 20% ee saliida saliidda oo ka sarreeya. Haddii noocyada nooca sp-nooca ay dejiso oo aad u qurxiyaan emulsion gudaheeda 55 ~ 60 ℃ iyo 2-da, noocan ah oo keliya ayaa u baahan in la dego oo la wareego emulsion gudaheeda 45 ~ 50, 50, 1.5h. Tan waxaa u sabab ah astaamaha qaabdhismeedka ee molifier-ka-noolaha ah ee AP-nooca. Polyamine-ka polyamine-ka polyamine-ka ee loo yaqaan 'polyetylen polyamine' ayaa go'aamisa qaab dhismeedka molecule: Silsiladda molikalalba waa mid dheer oo la jajaban yahay, iyo awoodda biyaha ku jira ayaa ka sarreeya kan-ku-qorida sp-nooca daminta qaab dhismeedka hal-abuurka ah. Sifooyinka silsilado badan oo la jajaban ayaa go'aamiya nooca 'nooca nooca' ap-nooca 'iyo pereatifity, marka ay tahay saliida cy-type type m m molecules-ka-ka-soo-jeedinta-dusha sare ee saliida, sidaa darteed saameyn yar, saamaynta jebinta emulsion waa iska cadahay. Waqtigan xaadirka ah, noocan oo kale ah ee daadanaanta noocan ah ayaa ah mid aan fiicnayn oo aan caadi ahayn oo loo adeegsaday daqling saliida saliida.

Ae-nooca damiliinta

AE-Nooc Licanfier waa poloyxytherne poloyaxypropyle polyther oo leh polyeretylen polyamine polyamine in bilowga, oo ah nooca laambada badan ee salka ku jirta. Marka la barbar dhigo daminta AP-nooca, farqiga u dhexeeya ayaa ah in noocyada nooca loo yaqaan 'ae-nooca' ay tahay polyver oo laba-heer ah oo leh moleekuleyaal yaryar iyo silsilado gaagaaban oo gaagaaban. Qaaciddada molikalulal waa: d (po) x (eo) y (halkaa: eo - polonoxyylne: p polyoxypropylene: D - polyetyylne polyamine; x, y - shahaadada polymomanemization. In kasta oo wejiyada molikalalaulalaulaulalaulaulal ee daminta daminta iyo daadashada AP-nooca ay aad u kala duwan yihiin, laakiin halabuurka molecular waa isku mid, kaliya ee ku dhaca iskuduwaha isku-darka monomer iyo polymparization-ka oo kaladuwan.
(1) laba aan inifijinjibiir ah oo ku saabsan qaabeynta isku-darka, madaxa iyo dabada qaddarka sheyga la isticmaalay way kala duwan yihiin, taasoo dhalisay in dhererka moleekules-ka pomanmeration ay sidoo kale ka duwan yihiin.
(2) AP-Nooca Nooca ah Molecule molecule, oo leh polyetylen polyamine, iyo polyxyyropylem-ka si loo sameeyo polylemine-ka, iyo polyxyyether molecule, iyo polyxyyethere, polyxyylne, polyxoxypropylene-ka si loo sameeyo qaab-dhismeedka Laba copolumery-ka, sidaas darteed, qaabeynta nooca-nooca molebule molecule molecule waa inuu ka dheeraado moleule molecule.

Nooc-Nooc waa laba-marxal badan oo saliidayn ah oo saliida ah ee laanta '', oo sidoo kale la waafajiyaa sahaminta saliida saliidda asphaltene ceyriinka. Markii ay ka kooban tahay wax ka badan ee ku jira dusha sare ee saliida xun ee xunxun, xoogga ka xoog badan, farqiga u dhexeeya cufnaanta saliida iyo biyaha, ma fududa in lagu qiimeeyo emulsion. AE-nooca daminta loo isticmaalo si loo qiimeeyo emulsion soonka, isla mar ahaantaana, nooca-nooca ae-nooca daadku waa yareynta viscor viscosity ka hortag ah. Sababo la xiriira qaab dhismeedka badan ee moleekuleyaasha, aad bay u fududahay in la sameeyo shabakado yaryar, si kryadda keliya ee paraffin ah oo ay ku xirinayso qaabdhismeedka 'parafsin', oo lagu dhejin karo muuqaalka vay-ka oo ka hortagaya isku-darka iyo ka hortagga isku-darka anti-wax.

Ar-nooca daadashada

Domifier-ga nooca ayaa laga sameeyay alkyl phnolic resin (poloyxyyethylene, poloyxypropylene iyo nooc cusub oo saliida saliidda ah, oo ah qiimaha saliida ee qiyaastii 4 ~ 8, hooseeya heerkulka 35 ~ 45 ℃. Qaaciddada qaab dhismeedka molikalal waa: ar (po) x (eo) yh, halka: eo-polyloxyyethylene; Polyoxypropylene; Ar-resin; X, Y, Z-Trand of polymarization.Inta lagu gudajiro tilmaanta timificize, ar resin wuxuu u dhaqmayaa sida bisubida labadaba oo galaa molecule of hoos u dhigida si ay u noqdaan koox lipophophic ah. Astaamaha loo yaqaan 'AR-TE Sent Stainsiberier' waa: molecule wax weyn, marka laga hadlayo qodobka saliidda ceyriinka oo ka sarreeya 5 ℃ waxay leedahay kala goys wanaagsan, kala-goysyada, ka-hortagga firfircoonaanta, oo ka daadanaya biyo-dhimista biyuhu. Waxay ka saari kartaa wax ka badan 80% biyaha saliida ceyriinka ah ee ku jira biyaha 50% ℃0% ka hooseeya 45 ℃50% oo ah biyo-qabad biyo ah oo ah 500%, oo ay tahay nooca sp-nooca ah.

Waqtiga Post: Mar-22-2022